In the early 1900s, Iowa’s river towns were humming—not with jazz or industry smokestacks, but with the rhythmic clatter of button punches cutting into freshwater mussel shells. This wasn’t New York or Chicago. This was Muscatine, Fruitland, Wapello—places where river water ran milky from mussel dust and a single shell could give birth to 30 pearl buttons. Today, the industry is gone, but its ghost lingers in the red brick buildings, museum displays, and the quiet pride of small towns that once clothed the world, one shirt button at a time.
From the flood-prone resilience of Oakville to the bluff-backed beauty of Lansing, Iowa’s so-called Pearl Button Belt isn’t a museum under glass—it’s a living geography of grit, reinvention, and forgotten craftsmanship. You won’t find traffic or trends here, but you will find swing bridges, depot museums, and downtowns where time doesn’t hurry.
Here are 19 of the most fascinating pearl button towns in Iowa—each with its own story, scars, and stubborn shine.
19. Muscatine County’s Rural Button Factories
Scattered throughout Muscatine County are quaint rural communities that played unsung roles in the pearl button industry. These small towns and villages were home to numerous button-cutting shops and family-run operations that supplied larger factories with raw materials.
Visiting these areas today, you’ll find peaceful countryside dotted with farms and historic buildings that whisper stories of their industrial past. While the button factories may have closed, the communities still celebrate their heritage through local museums and annual festivals.
Exploring these rural areas offers a unique opportunity to step back in time and appreciate the foundational work that supported Iowa’s button boom. A 3-4 bedroom home in Muscatine County typically ranges from $225,000 to $285,000.
Where is Muscatine County?
Muscatine County is located in eastern Iowa along the western bank of the Mississippi River. The county’s proximity to the river provided easy access to the mussel beds that fueled the button industry.
Driving through the county, you’ll traverse scenic byways connecting the rural towns, each offering glimpses of Iowa’s agricultural heartland. Muscatine County is easily accessible via U.S. Highway 61 and State Route 92, making it a pleasant road trip destination for those interested in history and small-town charm.
18. New Boston: Buttons Across the River
Just across the Mississippi River from Iowa lies New Boston, Illinois, a town that shares in the rich pearl button heritage.
While not in Iowa, its close ties to the industry and proximity to Iowa’s button towns make it a noteworthy inclusion. New Boston was a bustling river port where mussel shells were collected and transported to nearby factories. Today, the town offers a peaceful riverside experience, with opportunities for fishing, boating, and enjoying the scenic views.
Strolling through New Boston, you’ll encounter historic buildings and friendly locals eager to share stories of the town’s past. The average price for a 3-4 bedroom home in New Boston falls between $60,000 and $145,000.
Where is New Boston?
New Boston is situated on the eastern bank of the Mississippi River in Illinois, directly opposite the Iowa border near Muscatine County. Its location made it a strategic point for river trade during the height of the button industry.
You can reach New Boston by crossing the river via the nearby bridges in Muscatine or traveling along Illinois Route 17. The town’s riverside setting provides a tranquil escape and a connection to the region’s shared heritage in pearl button manufacturing.
17. Fruitland: Orchards and Buttons
Fruitland is a small town that perfectly blends its agricultural roots with its pearl button legacy. Originally known for its lush orchards and fruit production, the town also housed button factories that capitalized on the nearby mussel-rich rivers. Visitors can still enjoy the picturesque landscapes adorned with fruit trees, especially during the blooming season.
The close-knit community hosts local events that celebrate both its farming and industrial history, offering a unique charm that’s both refreshing and nostalgic. A 3-4 bedroom home in Fruitland typically ranges from $197,000 to $290,000.
Where is Fruitland?
Nestled in Muscatine County, Fruitland lies just south of Muscatine along U.S. Highway 61. Its convenient location makes it an easy stop for travelers exploring Iowa’s Pearl Button corridor.
The town’s proximity to the Mississippi River contributed to its role in the button industry and provided scenic drives and opportunities to explore the surrounding countryside. Fruitland is accessible via County Road F70, inviting visitors to experience the tranquility of rural Iowa.
16. Oakville: Restoring a Button Town
Oakville is a resilient community that has endured natural challenges while holding onto its pearl-button past. Once a thriving town with button factories lining its streets, Oakville faced significant flooding that reshaped its landscape. Today, the town is revitalizing, with residents dedicated to preserving their history and rebuilding for the future.
Visitors can appreciate the spirit of the community by exploring local landmarks and engaging with stories of perseverance and unity that define Oakville’s character. Homes in Oakville typically fall between $137,000 and $200,000 for a 3-4 bedroom.
Where is Oakville?
Oakville is located in Louisa County in southeastern Iowa, near the banks of the Iowa and Mississippi Rivers. Its position made it an ideal spot for accessing mussel beds essential to the button industry.
To reach Oakville, you can travel along Iowa Highway 99, which winds through the scenic river valley. The town’s serene setting amid waterways and wetlands provides a peaceful backdrop for those exploring Iowa’s lesser-known locales.
15. Columbus Junction’s Button Boom and Swinging Bridge
Columbus Junction is a town where the echoes of the pearl button boom still resonate amid modern attractions. Known for its significant contribution to the button industry, the town was bustling with factories and workers shaping the future of fashion accessories.
Today, Columbus Junction is perhaps best known for its historic Swinging Bridge—a unique pedestrian suspension bridge that offers a fun and slightly thrilling experience. The town’s vibrant cultural diversity adds charm, with local eateries and shops reflecting a rich tapestry of traditions. A 3-4 bedroom home in Columbus Junction typically falls between $140,000 and $220,000.
Where is Columbus Junction?
Situated at the confluence of the Iowa and Cedar Rivers in Louisa County, Columbus Junction is accessible via U.S. Highway 218 and Iowa Highway 92. The town’s location provided easy access to river transport during its industrial peak.
Visitors can reach Columbus Junction by taking a scenic drive through rolling farmlands and along river valleys. The town’s geographic position contributed to its historical significance and offers picturesque views and outdoor recreational opportunities.
14. Wapello: Small Town with a Button Legacy
Wapello may be small in size, but it’s big on history and community spirit. Once an active participant in the pearl button industry, the town’s factories supplied buttons to nationwide markets. Today, Wapello offers a peaceful retreat with charming local shops, parks, and a strong sense of heritage.
The annual county fair brings the community together, showcasing agricultural pride and small-town camaraderie. Visitors will find Wapello’s relaxed pace and friendly atmosphere a welcome respite. The average price for a 3-4 bedroom home in Wapello ranges from $150,000 to $225,000.
Where is Wapello?
Located in southeastern Iowa along the Iowa River, Wapello serves as the county seat of Louisa County. The town can be reached via U.S. Highway 61, which makes it easily accessible for travelers exploring the region.
Wapello’s proximity to both the Iowa and Mississippi Rivers played a crucial role in its development and participation in the pearl button industry. The surrounding landscapes feature rich farmland and riverside vistas, inviting visitors to enjoy the area’s natural beauty.
13. Lansing: A Hidden Gem with Button Roots
Tucked away in the northeastern corner of Iowa, Lansing offers a delightful blend of history, scenery, and small-town charm. Its historic buildings and local museums reflect the town’s connection to the pearl button industry. Lansing’s picturesque Main Street is lined with unique shops, eateries, and beautifully preserved architecture.
A highlight for many visitors is the iconic Black Hawk Bridge, which spans the Mississippi River and provides stunning panoramic views. Outdoor enthusiasts will also appreciate the ample opportunities for fishing, boating, and hiking in the surrounding bluffs. Homes in Lansing typically range from $160,000 to $250,000 for a 3-4 bedroom.
Where is Lansing?
Lansing is situated in Allamakee County in northeastern Iowa, right along the Mississippi River and near the Minnesota border. The town is accessible via Iowa Highway 9 and the Great River Road, which offer scenic drives through the region’s rolling hills and river valleys.
Lansing’s location amid the river bluffs provides dramatic landscapes and makes it a gateway to exploring Iowa’s natural northeastern beauty. The town’s remote setting adds to its allure as a hidden gem with deep historical roots.
12. Marquette: Buttons Beneath the Bluffs
Nestled between the Mississippi River and towering limestone bluffs, Marquette is a town where natural beauty meets industrial heritage. During the pearl button era, Marquette was home to factories capitalizing on mussel shells’ abundance. Today, the town invites visitors to enjoy its scenic landscapes, including opportunities to explore Effigy Mounds National Monument nearby.
The Marquette Depot Museum provides insights into the town’s railroad and button history, while the local casino offers modern entertainment options. Marquette’s blend of history and outdoor activities makes it a delightful stop along the river. A 3-4 bedroom Marquette home generally costs between $180,000 and $280,000.
Where is Marquette?
Marquette is located in Clayton County in northeastern Iowa, directly across the river from Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin. The town is accessible via U.S. Highway 18 and is part of the Great River Road scenic byway.
Marquette’s position along the Mississippi River and beneath dramatic bluffs makes it a picturesque destination. Visitors can reach Marquette by crossing the Marquette-Joliet Bridge, which offers stunning views of the river and surrounding landscape.
11. McGregor: Buttons and Victorian Charm
Adjacent to Marquette, McGregor exudes Victorian-era charm with its beautifully preserved architecture. The town flourished during the Pearl Button boom, and many of its historic buildings tell tales of that prosperous time. McGregor’s Main Street has boutique shops, art galleries, and cozy cafes inviting leisurely exploration.
The town also serves as a gateway to Pikes Peak State Park, offering breathtaking views of the Mississippi River Valley. McGregor’s blend of history, culture, and natural beauty makes it a captivating destination. A 3-4 bedroom home in McGregor is typically priced between $175,000 and $275,000.
Where is McGregor?
Situated in Clayton County along the Mississippi River, McGregor is easily accessible via U.S. Highway 18 and Iowa Highway 76. The town’s location amid rolling hills and river bluffs adds to its scenic appeal.
Visitors can reach McGregor by following the Great River Road, which makes for a memorable drive along the river’s edge. The town’s proximity to both natural attractions and historical sites provides a rich experience for travelers.
10. Bellevue: River Views and Button Stories
Bellevue offers a serene riverside experience steeped in Pearl Button history. The town’s involvement in the industry is commemorated through local exhibits and the preservation of historic sites. Bellevue State Park is a highlight, featuring stunning overlooks of the Mississippi River and opportunities for hiking and picnicking.
The peaceful downtown area invites visitors to explore specialty shops and dine at local eateries while soaking in the charming small-town atmosphere. Homes in Bellevue generally range from $150,000 to $300,000 for a 3-4 bedroom.
Where is Bellevue?
Located in Jackson County along the Mississippi River, Bellevue is accessible via U.S. Highway 52. The town’s riverfront location provides beautiful vistas and a tranquil setting. Visitors can enjoy a scenic drive along the Great River Road to reach Bellevue, passing through picturesque countryside.
The town’s proximity to the river not only influenced its historical development but also offers recreational activities like boating and fishing.
9. Fort Madison’s Button History and Historic Fort
Fort Madison combines rich military history with its pearl button legacy. The town was home to several button factories that thrived due to its strategic river location. A standout attraction is the Old Fort Madison, a reconstructed 19th-century military fort where history comes alive through reenactments and tours.
The downtown historic district features well-preserved architecture, shops, and restaurants, allowing visitors to immerse themselves in the town’s storied past while enjoying modern comforts. A 3-4 bedroom home in Fort Madison typically falls between $160,000 and $250,000.
Where is Fort Madison?
Situated in Lee County in southeastern Iowa, Fort Madison lies along the Mississippi River and U.S. Highway 61. The town is accessible via the historic Santa Fe Swing Span Bridge, one of the last remaining double-decker swing-span bridges in the country.
Fort Madison’s riverfront location made it a key site for trade and transportation during the height of the button industry. Visitors can easily reach the town by road or rail, as it remains an important stop along Amtrak’s passenger line.
8. Le Claire: Small Town with a Big Button Impact
Le Claire is a charming river town that played a significant role in the pearl button trade. Its strategic position along the Mississippi River facilitated the transportation of mussel shells to nearby factories. Today, Le Claire is perhaps best known as the home of the American Pickers’ Antique Archaeology store, attracting visitors from far and wide.
The town’s historic downtown district offers a delightful mix of antique shops, boutiques, and eateries, all set against the backdrop of the scenic riverfront. Homes in Le Claire generally range from $215,000 to $550,000 for a 3-4 bedroom.
Where is Le Claire?
Located in Scott County in eastern Iowa, Le Claire is easily reached via Interstate 80 and U.S. Highway 67. The town sits at the intersection of these major routes, making it a convenient stop for travelers.
Le Claire’s riverfront location provides stunning views of the Mississippi River, and riverboat cruises offer a unique way to experience the town’s maritime heritage. Its accessibility and array of attractions make Le Claire a must-visit destination along Iowa’s river corridor.
7. Dubuque: Buttons Amidst Rolling Hills
Dubuque is a city where the legacy of the pearl button industry intertwines with a vibrant cultural scene. As one of Iowa’s oldest cities, Dubuque features historic sites, museums, and the famous Fenelon Place Elevator—one of the world’s shortest and steepest funicular railways.
Visitors can explore the National Mississippi River Museum & Aquarium to learn about the river’s ecological and historical significance. Nestled among the rolling hills along the Mississippi River, Dubuque offers a mix of outdoor adventures, cultural experiences, and glimpses into its industrial past. A 3-4 bedroom home in Dubuque generally ranges from $227,000 to $365,000.
Where is Dubuque?
Dubuque is located in eastern Iowa at the junction of Iowa, Illinois, and Wisconsin, making it a gateway to the tri-state area. The city is accessible via U.S. Highways 20, 52, and 61.
Dubuque’s riverfront location has historically made it a hub for commerce and transportation. Visitors can enjoy scenic drives along the Great River Road or take a riverboat cruise to fully appreciate the beauty of the Mississippi River and the surrounding landscapes.
6. Keokuk: Where Rivers and Buttons Meet
Keokuk sits at the confluence of the Mississippi and Des Moines Rivers, a location that significantly influenced its role in the pearl button industry. The city’s rich history is evident in its well-preserved Victorian mansions and historic districts. Keokuk is also home to the largest hydroelectric dam on the Mississippi River, a marvel of early 20th-century engineering.
Visitors can explore the area’s natural beauty at nearby parks or delve into local history at the George M. Verity River Museum, housed in a retired sternwheel towboat. Homes in Keokuk range from $72,000 to $139,000 for a 3-4 bedroom.
Where is Keokuk?
Located in the southeastern tip of Iowa in Lee County, Keokuk is accessible via U.S. Highways 61 and 136. The city’s position at the convergence of two major rivers made it a pivotal site for trade and industry, including button manufacturing.
Keokuk’s riverfront provides opportunities for boating, fishing, and enjoying panoramic views of the waterways. The city serves as a southern gateway to exploring Iowa’s Mississippi River towns.
5. Clinton’s Industrial Heritage and Button Factories
Clinton boasts a rich industrial heritage, with the pearl button industry playing a significant role in its development. The city’s lumber mills and button factories once thrived along the Mississippi River, contributing to a booming economy.
Today, Clinton honors its history through museums like the Sawmill Museum and the George M. Curtis Mansion. The riverfront area offers parks, trails, and the impressive Showboat Theater—a historic paddlewheel riverboat transformed into a performing arts venue.
Clinton’s blend of history, culture, and natural beauty makes it an engaging destination. A 3-4 bedroom home in Clinton typically falls between $120,000 and $166,000.
Where is Clinton?
Situated in eastern Iowa along the Mississippi River, Clinton is accessible via U.S. Highways 30 and 67. The city lies north of the Quad Cities, making it a convenient stop for travelers along the river corridor.
Clinton’s riverfront location has been central to its historical significance and continues to offer recreational activities. Visitors can enjoy the scenic beauty of the Great River Trail, which passes through the city and along the riverbanks.
4. Burlington: Buttons and Bluffs
Burlington is a city where history meets natural splendor. Known for its involvement in the pearl button industry, Burlington’s factories contributed significantly to the local economy. A must-see attraction is Snake Alley, dubbed the “Crookedest Street in the World,” featuring a winding brick roadway flanked by historic homes.
The downtown area offers a mix of shopping, dining, and entertainment options set against the backdrop of the Mississippi River bluffs. Visitors can also explore the Heritage Hill Historic District to admire well-preserved 19th-century architecture. Homes in Burlington generally range from $125,000 to $279,000 for a 3-4 bedroom.
Where is Burlington?
Located in southeastern Iowa in Des Moines County, Burlington is accessible via U.S. Highways 34 and 61. The city’s position along the Mississippi River and its dramatic bluffs provide stunning views and outdoor recreation opportunities.
Visitors can reach Burlington by crossing the Great River Bridge, which connects Iowa to Illinois. The city’s blend of natural beauty and historic charm makes it a captivating stop along the river.
3. Davenport: River City with a Button Past
Davenport, one of the Quad Cities, played a vital role in the pearl button trade. The city’s riverfront location facilitated the transport of mussel shells and finished buttons. Today, Davenport is known for its vibrant arts scene, encapsulated in venues like the Figge Art Museum and the Adler Theatre.
The city’s downtown district offers a lively mix of restaurants, shops, and entertainment options. Riverfront parks and trails provide spaces for relaxation and outdoor activities, all while surrounded by the city’s rich historical ambiance. A 3-4 bedroom home in Davenport typically ranges from $115,000 to $365,000.
Where is Davenport?
Situated in eastern Iowa along the Mississippi River, Davenport is accessible via Interstates 74 and 80, as well as U.S. Highways 61 and 67. The city’s central location within the Quad Cities makes it a hub for culture and commerce in the region.
Visitors can cross the river via several bridges connecting Davenport to its Illinois neighbors. The city’s accessibility and variety of attractions make it an ideal destination for those exploring Iowa’s river towns.
2. Guttenberg’s German Heritage and Button Legacy
Guttenberg is a picturesque town that beautifully blends its German heritage with its pearl button history. The well-preserved limestone buildings and traditional architecture along River Park Drive tell stories of the town’s 19th-century roots. Guttenberg’s location along the Mississippi River made it a prime spot for button manufacturing, utilizing the plentiful mussel shells.
Visitors can enjoy the serene riverfront, explore the Lock and Dam No. 10 Visitor Center, and immerse themselves in the town’s charming atmosphere that reflects both cultural and historical richness. A 3-4 bedroom home in Guttenberg typically falls between $170,000 and $235,000.
Where is Guttenberg?
Located in Clayton County in northeastern Iowa, Guttenberg is accessible via Iowa Highway 52. The town’s scenic setting along the Mississippi River and beneath wooded bluffs offers stunning views year-round.
Visitors can reach Guttenberg by following the Great River Road, which provides a scenic route through the area’s rolling hills and valleys. The town’s proximity to both natural attractions and historical sites makes it a rewarding destination for travelers.
1. Muscatine: The Pearl Button Capital of the World
At the heart of Iowa’s pearl button story is Muscatine, famously known as the “Pearl Button Capital of the World.” In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Muscatine produced over 1.5 billion buttons annually, supplying the majority of the world’s pearl buttons. The city’s rich history is celebrated at the National Pearl Button Museum, where visitors can delve into the industry’s impact on the community.
Muscatine’s charming downtown boasts historic architecture, unique shops, and riverside parks perfect for leisurely strolls. From the elegant mansions along the bluff to the engaging local arts scene, Muscatine offers a vibrant blend of past and present. Homes in Muscatine generally range from $225,000 to $285,000 for a 3-4 bedroom.
Where is Muscatine?
Muscatine is located in eastern Iowa along the western bank of the Mississippi River. It’s accessible via U.S. Highways 61 and 92, making it an easy destination for travelers.
The city’s riverside setting not only contributed to its historical significance but also provides stunning views and recreational opportunities. Visitors can enjoy boat rides on the river, explore nearby wildlife refuges, and experience the warm hospitality that Muscatine is known for.
