The promise sounds too good to be true: gorgeous landscaping that practically takes care of itself. But sometimes those “plant it and forget it” dreams turn into homeowner nightmares. While legitimate low-maintenance plants can be wonderful additions to your landscape, some species marketed as carefree solutions are actually aggressive invaders that can damage your property, overwhelm your garden, and even impact your home’s value.
The Bottom Line: These nine plants might seem like easy solutions, but they can create expensive problems that far outweigh their initial convenience. Choose native alternatives instead for truly low-maintenance beauty that won’t turn your yard into a battleground.
20. The Sneaky Spreader
Self-heal might seem like the perfect lawn alternative, but this supposedly low-maintenance ground cover can become a persistent invader that’s difficult to control. Originally promoted as a natural grass substitute that requires no mowing, self-heal spreads through both seeds and underground runners, allowing it to colonize far beyond its intended boundaries. The plant’s aggressive nature means it can quickly overwhelm established lawn grasses and infiltrate garden beds where it competes with desirable plants.
The problem with self-heal lies in its remarkable adaptability and persistence. Once established, it forms dense mats that can exclude other vegetation, creating monocultures that reduce biodiversity in both lawn and garden settings. The plant’s low-growing habit might seem manageable, but its spreading rhizomes can travel considerable distances underground before surfacing in unexpected locations. This makes containment extremely challenging, as property owners often discover new patches appearing in areas far from the original planting.
Most concerning is how self-heal’s “benefits” as a low-maintenance option quickly become drawbacks. While marketed as requiring less water and care than traditional grass, its invasive nature means homeowners end up spending far more time trying to control its spread than they would maintaining a regular lawn. The plant’s ability to thrive in various conditions, from full sun to partial shade, makes it adaptable enough to invade virtually any area of the landscape, turning what seemed like a time-saving solution into an ongoing management challenge.
19. The Culinary Invader
Oregano might be essential in the kitchen, but certain varieties can turn your herb garden into a battleground. While most gardeners expect their oregano to stay put in designated herb beds, aggressive varieties spread through both underground rhizomes and prolific self-seeding, quickly overwhelming neighboring plants. What starts as a small patch for seasoning pizza can rapidly expand into a dominant ground cover that crowds out more delicate herbs like basil, parsley, and cilantro.
The spreading habit varies significantly between oregano varieties, with some remaining well-behaved while others exhibit mint-like aggression. Greek oregano and wild oregano are particularly notorious for their invasive tendencies, sending out runners that can travel several feet from the parent plant before establishing new colonies. These new plants then repeat the process, creating an ever-expanding network that can take over entire garden sections. The aromatic oils that make oregano valuable in cooking also make it unpalatable to many garden pests, giving it a competitive advantage over other herbs.
Control becomes complicated because oregano’s vigorous root system makes complete removal difficult. Even small root fragments left in the soil can regenerate into new plants, and the herb’s tendency to self-seed means missed flowers can lead to surprise colonies appearing throughout the garden. Many gardeners discover that their attempts to control oregano’s spread actually encourage it, as cutting or disturbing the plant often stimulates new growth from previously dormant root buds. The irony is that while you’ll never lack oregano for cooking, you may lose space for growing anything else.
18. The Cat’s Favorite Menace
Catnip promises to delight your feline friends while serving as a beneficial pollinator plant, but this member of the mint family can quickly escape cultivation and establish persistent colonies throughout your property. The same vigorous growth that makes catnip attractive to cats and gardeners also makes it one of the more aggressive herbs, capable of spreading through both underground rhizomes and prolific seed production. Even a single plant can generate thousands of seeds that disperse widely, leading to surprise catnip patches appearing in unexpected locations.
The plant’s remarkable adaptability allows it to thrive in conditions where other plants struggle, including poor soils, drought conditions, and even urban environments. Gardeners have reported catnip seedlings emerging from the sand between brick pavers and establishing themselves in cracks in concrete walkways. This resilience, combined with the plant’s tendency to self-seed aggressively, means that even careful gardeners can find themselves dealing with an expanding catnip population that requires constant vigilance to control.
The challenge with catnip extends beyond its spreading habit to its persistent nature once established. The plant’s deep taproot system makes individual plants difficult to remove completely, and any root fragments left behind can regenerate new growth. Additionally, if you have outdoor cats or neighborhood cats that visit your garden, they may actually help spread the plant by carrying seeds on their fur to new locations. What begins as a thoughtful addition to attract beneficial insects can evolve into a management challenge that persists for years, with new plants continuing to appear long after you think you’ve removed them all.
17. The Ancient Herb Problem
Epazote might promise to solve digestive issues when added to bean dishes, but this traditional herb creates its own problems through incredibly prolific seed production. Originally cultivated by indigenous peoples of Central America, epazote has adapted so well to temperate climates that it can quickly establish itself as a persistent garden weed. The plant produces thousands of tiny seeds that disperse easily by wind, water, and wildlife, allowing it to colonize areas far from the original planting site.
The herb’s survival strategy is both impressive and problematic for gardeners. Epazote seeds can remain viable in soil for several years, germinating when conditions become favorable. This means that even if you successfully remove all visible plants, new seedlings can continue to emerge for multiple growing seasons. The plant’s ability to thrive in poor soils and tolerate drought conditions makes it adaptable to various garden situations, but also means it can outcompete more desirable plants in challenging locations.
Control efforts often prove frustrating because epazote’s numerous tiny seeds make it nearly impossible to prevent dispersal once the plant reaches maturity. Even gardeners who attempt to harvest the plant before it sets seed often miss some flowers, leading to continued propagation. The herb’s taproot system also makes individual plants moderately difficult to remove, and its tendency to self-seed means that hand-pulling often feels like a losing battle. While some gardeners appreciate having a steady supply of this medicinal herb, most find that epazote’s aggressive seeding habit makes it more trouble than it’s worth.
16. The Deceptive Beauty
Amaranth might dazzle with its striking red foliage and dramatic seed heads, but this ornamental edible can become a persistent garden invader through aggressive self-seeding. Promoted for its dual purpose as both an attractive landscape plant and a nutritious food source, amaranth produces enormous quantities of tiny seeds that can remain viable in soil for years. A single plant can generate tens of thousands of seeds, creating a seed bank that continues producing new plants long after the original specimen is removed.
The plant’s remarkable adaptability contributes to its invasive potential, as amaranth can thrive in various soil types and weather conditions. Originally domesticated in Central America, many varieties have proven exceptionally well-suited to temperate climates, often performing better than native plants in disturbed soils. The seeds germinate readily in spring and can produce multiple generations in a single growing season, allowing amaranth populations to expand rapidly once established.
Perhaps most frustrating for gardeners is amaranth’s persistence over time. Even careful gardeners who planted it once report continuing to pull volunteer plants years later, as the extensive seed bank ensures ongoing germination. The plant’s deep taproot system makes mature specimens difficult to remove completely, and its tendency to drop seeds before gardeners realize the plants have gone to seed means that control efforts often lag behind dispersal. What initially seems like an attractive addition to edible landscaping can evolve into a decades-long weeding commitment that outlasts most gardeners’ patience.
15. The Pink Deception
Mexican evening primrose lures gardeners with its delicate pink flowers and promise of easy groundcover, but this seemingly innocent perennial harbors aggressive spreading tendencies that can overwhelm garden beds. Despite being sold in reputable garden centers and nurseries, this plant spreads through both underground rhizomes and prolific self-seeding, allowing it to colonize large areas quickly. The attractive flowers that initially draw gardeners’ attention produce numerous seeds that disperse widely, establishing new colonies far from the parent plant.
The plant’s drought tolerance and adaptability to various soil conditions, while initially appealing, actually contribute to its invasive success. Mexican evening primrose can thrive in poor soils where other plants struggle, giving it a competitive advantage over more desirable species. Its deep root system allows it to access water and nutrients at levels other plants can’t reach, while its spreading rhizomes create an underground network that can extend several feet from the original planting location.
Control becomes increasingly difficult as the plant establishes itself, since both the extensive root system and ongoing seed production must be addressed simultaneously. The rhizomes can regenerate new plants from even small fragments, making mechanical removal challenging and often incomplete. Meanwhile, the continuous blooming habit means the plant is constantly producing new seeds throughout the growing season, creating multiple opportunities for dispersal. Many gardeners discover that their beautiful pink groundcover has gradually displaced other garden plants, creating a monoculture that requires significant effort to restore diversity.
14. The Relentless Climber
Morning glory might promise quick coverage and beautiful flowers, but this vigorous annual vine can establish itself as a persistent garden invader through relentless self-seeding. While individual plants live only one season, their prolific seed production ensures that new generations appear year after year, often in increasing numbers. A single morning glory plant can produce hundreds of seeds, and these seeds can remain viable in soil for decades, creating a long-term management challenge that far exceeds the plant’s annual lifecycle.
The climbing habit that makes morning glory attractive for quick screening also contributes to its problematic nature. The vines don’t limit themselves to intended support structures, instead spreading to nearby plants, fences, and even garden furniture. Their twining growth can damage or kill supporting plants, while their rapid growth rate allows them to quickly overwhelm slower-growing species. The heart-shaped leaves create dense coverage that blocks sunlight from underlying vegetation, effectively smothering plants beneath the vine’s embrace.
Perhaps most concerning is the plant’s ability to escape cultivation and establish wild populations. Morning glory seeds disperse easily through wildlife, water, and human activity, allowing the plant to colonize natural areas where it can disrupt native plant communities. Even gardeners who try to prevent seeding by deadheading flowers often miss some blooms, as the prolific flowering habit makes complete seed prevention nearly impossible. The result is a beautiful but persistent invader that can dominate garden spaces and require ongoing management efforts that span multiple decades.
13. The Fragrant Spreader
Sweet woodruff charms gardeners with its delicate white flowers and sweet vanilla fragrance, but this seemingly gentle groundcover can become an aggressive spreader that overwhelms more desirable plants. While initially well-behaved in poor, dry soils, sweet woodruff transforms into a vigorous invader when conditions improve. The addition of compost, fertilizer, or regular watering can trigger explosive growth that allows the plant to spread rapidly through underground rhizomes and self-seeding.
The plant’s growth pattern creates particular challenges for mixed garden beds, as sweet woodruff tends to grow directly over the crowns of other perennials, effectively smothering them. Its mat-forming habit creates dense coverage that prevents other plants from receiving adequate light and air circulation. The star-shaped leaves and creeping stems form such thick colonies that they can exclude virtually all other vegetation, transforming diverse garden areas into single-species stands.
Control efforts prove frustrating because sweet woodruff’s extensive underground network makes complete removal extremely difficult. The plant spreads through both rhizomes and seeds, requiring gardeners to address multiple reproduction strategies simultaneously. Even careful hand-pulling often leaves root fragments that can regenerate new plants, while the tiny seeds can establish new colonies in unexpected locations. Many gardeners who initially appreciated sweet woodruff’s ability to cover difficult areas find themselves engaged in ongoing battles to prevent it from taking over their entire shade garden.
12. The Colorful Carpet
Bugleweed seduces gardeners with its stunning foliage colors and attractive blue flower spikes, but this European import can quickly establish itself as an invasive groundcover that displaces native vegetation. Despite being widely sold as an ornamental plant, bugleweed spreads aggressively through underground runners that can travel considerable distances before surfacing as new plants. The plant’s ability to form dense mats makes it highly effective at suppressing weeds, but this same characteristic allows it to outcompete and eliminate desirable native plants.
The ecological impact extends beyond simple garden management, as bugleweed can escape cultivation and invade natural woodland areas where it significantly reduces biodiversity. The plant’s evergreen nature gives it advantages over native species that die back in winter, allowing it to maintain photosynthesis and continue growth when competitors are dormant. Its rapid colonization of forest floors can prevent the establishment of native wildflowers and tree seedlings, effectively altering the structure and function of entire ecosystems.
Management becomes complicated by bugleweed’s persistence and multiple reproduction strategies. While the plant spreads primarily through runners, it can also reproduce through seeds, creating new invasion points at considerable distances from established colonies. The extensive root system makes mechanical removal challenging, as any remaining root fragments can regenerate new plants. Even herbicide applications often require multiple treatments, as the plant’s vigorous growth habit allows it to recover quickly from partial damage. What initially appears to be an attractive, low-maintenance groundcover solution can evolve into a long-term ecological management challenge.
11. The Kitchen Garden Takeover
Mint might be essential for mojitos and lamb dishes, but this beloved culinary herb can transform from useful plant to garden tyrant through its notorious spreading behavior. All mint species share the aggressive trait of spreading through underground rhizomes that can travel remarkable distances before surfacing as new plants. These rhizomes form thick, tangled mats that can completely fill containers and garden beds, creating root systems so dense that they exclude other plants and make soil cultivation nearly impossible.
The plant’s remarkable regenerative ability makes control efforts particularly challenging, as even tiny root fragments left in soil can develop into full-sized plants. This means that attempts to remove mint often inadvertently spread it, as digging and tilling break the rhizomes into multiple pieces that each become new invasion points. The herb’s preference for moist, fertile soils means it performs best in the same conditions favored by most garden plants, giving it competitive advantages over less aggressive species.
Perhaps most frustrating is mint’s ability to escape any containment efforts short of complete physical barriers. Even when planted in containers, the vigorous root system can eventually break through drainage holes or overtop container walls, allowing the plant to establish in surrounding areas. Many gardeners report discovering mint plants emerging from locations far from the original planting site, having traveled through underground networks that can extend several feet from the parent plant. The aromatic qualities that make mint valuable in the kitchen become a persistent reminder of the plant’s presence throughout the garden, as every gardening activity releases the distinctive fragrance from disturbed root systems.
10. The Innocent Groundcover
Periwinkle presents itself as the perfect solution for challenging shade areas, but this evergreen groundcover harbors invasive tendencies that can devastate native plant communities. Both lesser periwinkle (Vinca minor) and greater periwinkle (Vinca major) spread through trailing stems that root at nodes, creating expanding colonies that can eventually cover acres of forest floor. The plant’s ability to thrive in deep shade gives it advantages over many native species, allowing it to establish dense monocultures that exclude virtually all other vegetation.
The ecological damage extends far beyond aesthetic concerns, as periwinkle invasions can eliminate native wildflowers that serve as crucial food sources for wildlife. Spring ephemeral flowers like trilliums, bloodroot, and wild ginger often disappear entirely from areas colonized by periwinkle, creating food deserts for pollinators and other beneficial insects. The evergreen nature of periwinkle means it continues photosynthesis throughout winter when native plants are dormant, giving it additional competitive advantages that allow established colonies to persist and expand year after year.
Control efforts face significant challenges due to periwinkle’s multiple reproduction strategies and persistent root system. While the plant spreads primarily through vegetative runners, it can also reproduce through seeds that are dispersed by birds and other wildlife. The trailing stems create such dense mats that they can be difficult to remove completely, and any remaining plant fragments can regenerate new colonies. Many conservation areas and natural parks now recognize periwinkle as a serious threat requiring active management, as established invasions can fundamentally alter forest ecosystems and eliminate native biodiversity that took decades or centuries to develop.
9. The Spreader That Never Stops
Running bamboo varieties might promise instant privacy screening, but they’re nature’s escape artists. These species can spread up to 15 feet in a single growing season through underground rhizomes that are strong enough to crack concrete and damage foundations. What starts as an elegant privacy screen can quickly become a neighborhood dispute when shoots emerge in your neighbor’s prize rose garden. The rhizomes can grow under driveways, causing buckling and costly repairs, while their aggressive spread makes them nearly impossible to eliminate once established. Even cutting them down only encourages more vigorous growth, as each remaining root fragment can sprout new plants.
Running bamboo creates dense thickets that crowd out native plants and can destabilize retaining walls with their weight and root pressure. Unlike clumping varieties that stay relatively contained, runners will exploit any weakness in barriers or boundaries. Professional removal often requires excavation down to three feet and can cost thousands of dollars. Some varieties have become so problematic that they’re considered invasive species in many regions, with some municipalities requiring professional management plans.
The most troubling aspect is how quickly the situation escalates. Homeowners often don’t realize the extent of the problem until bamboo shoots start appearing through their basement floors or pushing up through their patios. By then, the extensive underground network makes removal a major undertaking that can disrupt landscaping for years.
8. The Foundation Threat
Japanese knotweed might look like an attractive flowering shrub, but it’s earned the nickname “concrete cancer” for good reason. This invasive perennial can grow through asphalt up to 8 centimeters thick and exploit even tiny cracks in foundations, expanding them as it grows. The plant’s rhizomes can extend up to 20 feet from the visible growth, creating an underground network that seeks out any structural weakness. Property values can plummet by hundreds of thousands of dollars when this plant is discovered, as some mortgage lenders refuse to finance homes within seven meters of an infestation.
The structural damage potential is staggering. Japanese knotweed can grow underneath buildings, pushing through floor joints and emerging inside homes through gaps in skirting boards. Its rapid growth rate of up to 10 centimeters per day during peak season means small problems become major issues quickly. The plant can undermine garden walls, damage retaining structures, and interfere with drainage systems by penetrating pipes in search of water sources.
Most concerning is the plant’s incredible persistence. Even after apparent removal, the root system can remain dormant for up to 20 years before re-emerging. Professional treatment can take three to five years and cost tens of thousands of dollars. In the UK, soil contaminated with knotweed fragments must be disposed of at hazardous waste facilities, highlighting just how seriously this plant is taken by experts.
7. The Climber That Won’t Let Go
English ivy’s romantic appeal on historic buildings masks its potential for serious property damage. While research shows it doesn’t harm sound masonry, the operative word is “sound.” On older homes or buildings with any existing cracks or weak mortar, ivy’s aerial roots can penetrate and gradually expand these weaknesses over time. The weight of mature ivy growth can destabilize sections of masonry, especially during windy conditions when the dense foliage acts like a sail.
The removal process itself can cause significant damage. Ivy’s attachment system is so strong that pulling it off walls can dislodge bricks or damage mortar joints. The adhesive compounds produced by the plant’s root hairs continue to work even after the ivy dies, leaving permanent marks on surfaces. This creates a catch-22 situation where the ivy may be protecting the wall while attached, but removing it can cause the very damage homeowners were trying to prevent.
Perhaps more problematic is ivy’s ability to hide structural issues. Dense ivy coverage can conceal developing problems like failing mortar, cracks, or moisture damage, allowing them to worsen undetected. By the time problems become visible, costly repairs may be needed. The plant can also provide access routes for intruders and harbor household pests, creating security and hygiene concerns that extend beyond simple property damage.
6. The Smothering Spreader
Goutweed might be sold as an easy groundcover solution, but it’s actually one of the most aggressive plants you can introduce to your landscape. This perennial can spread over two feet per year through underground rhizomes, forming dense mats that smother everything in their path. Native plants, tree saplings, and even established perennials can be overwhelmed, effectively stopping forest regeneration and destroying carefully planned garden designs.
The plant’s survival strategy is almost diabolical. Any fragment of rhizome left in the soil can regenerate into a new plant, making removal incredibly challenging. Even tilling the soil can worsen the problem by breaking the rhizomes into multiple pieces, each capable of becoming a new infestation. The variegated ornamental forms can revert to the more aggressive solid green variety at any time, dramatically increasing their invasive potential.
Control efforts often become a multi-year battle requiring persistence and multiple approaches. Hand-pulling must be done repeatedly over several seasons, and even small overlooked root fragments can restart the cycle. Some gardeners resort to solarization methods, covering areas with plastic for months to literally cook the plant, but this renders the soil unusable for other plants during treatment. The psychological toll on gardeners dealing with goutweed infestations has even led to informal support groups among affected homeowners.
5. The Highway to Property Damage
Japanese barberry might seem like an ideal low-maintenance shrub with its colorful foliage and supposed deer resistance, but it comes with hidden costs. This invasive species creates dense thickets that are difficult to navigate due to sharp thorns, making property maintenance challenging. More concerning, the plant alters soil chemistry and creates conditions that favor disease-carrying ticks, potentially creating health hazards on your property.
The ecological damage extends beyond individual properties. Japanese barberry crowds out native understory plants that wildlife depends on for food and shelter. It can form monocultures in forest settings, dramatically reducing biodiversity and disrupting established ecosystems. The plant’s early leafing and late dormancy give it competitive advantages over native species throughout the growing season.
Removal becomes increasingly difficult as plants mature. The extensive root system and ability to resprout from cut stems means multiple treatments are often necessary. Some states have banned the sale of Japanese barberry due to its invasive nature, recognizing that the long-term environmental and economic costs far outweigh any short-term landscaping benefits. Property owners may find themselves legally required to remove established plants if they’re in environmentally sensitive areas.
4. The Toxic Carpet
Lily of the valley’s sweet fragrance and delicate flowers disguise a plant that’s both poisonous and aggressively invasive. The dense rhizome system creates such thick mats that other plants literally cannot compete for space, water, or nutrients. Native spring wildflowers like trilliums and bloodroot, which many gardeners specifically want to encourage, are particularly vulnerable to being smothered by lily of the valley colonies.
The plant’s toxicity presents serious risks, especially in homes with children or pets. All parts of the plant contain cardiac glycosides that can cause dangerous heart rhythm abnormalities if ingested. Even water that has contained cut lily of the valley flowers can be toxic. This creates liability concerns for property owners and limits the plant’s suitability for many family landscapes.
Eradication requires removing the entire dense root network, which can extend deep into the soil. The shallow but incredibly thick mat of roots makes manual removal backbreaking work, and any missed fragments will quickly re-establish. Professional removal often involves multiple seasons of treatment, during which the area cannot be replanted with desired species. The long-term cost of professional management often exceeds the price of installing more appropriate groundcover alternatives.
3. The Moisture Trap
Norway maple’s reputation as a sturdy street tree doesn’t translate well to residential properties. These trees create such dense shade that few plants can survive beneath them, leading to bare, muddy areas that become erosion problems. The shallow, aggressive root system competes intensively with other plants for water and nutrients, often killing established trees and shrubs nearby.
Property damage from Norway maples typically develops gradually but can be extensive. The shallow root system can interfere with foundations, sidewalks, and driveways, causing expensive cracking and heaving. Surface roots make lawn maintenance difficult and create tripping hazards. The dense canopy and large leaves can overwhelm gutters and drainage systems during storms, leading to water damage issues.
The trees also drop enormous amounts of seeds that germinate readily, creating maintenance headaches as homeowners constantly battle seedlings throughout their property. Mature trees become increasingly expensive to maintain as they require regular professional pruning to prevent storm damage. When removal becomes necessary, the extensive root system and large size make it a costly undertaking that often requires professional services and can damage surrounding landscape features.
2. The Beautiful Strangler
Wisteria’s spectacular spring blooms can blind homeowners to its destructive potential. This vigorous climbing vine can reach 60 feet in length and develops thick, woody stems that can strangle and kill mature trees. The vine’s twining growth pattern creates tremendous pressure as it matures, capable of crushing branches and even splitting tree trunks. What begins as an elegant flowering accent can become a landscape liability that destroys valuable mature trees.
The structural damage potential extends to man-made structures as well. Wisteria can overwhelm pergolas, damage roofing, and compromise building structures if allowed to grow unchecked. The vine’s weight when mature can pull down gutters, damage siding, and create significant wind resistance during storms. Regular pruning becomes a necessity rather than an option, requiring specialized equipment and expertise to manage safely.
Perhaps most frustrating is how quickly wisteria can escape control. The vine grows rapidly and can reach inaccessible heights where maintenance becomes dangerous or impossible. Seeds can establish new plants far from the original location, and the plant’s ability to resprout vigorously from cut stems makes removal challenging. Even when contained, wisteria requires vigilant ongoing management to prevent it from overwhelming other landscape elements.
1. The Underground Destroyer
Creeping buttercup tops the list because it combines aggressive spreading behavior with remarkable persistence. This invasive perennial spreads through stolons that can rapidly colonize large areas, creating dense monocultures that exclude all other plants. The plant thrives in both sunny and shaded conditions and tolerates various soil types, making it adaptable to almost any landscape situation.
The damage goes beyond simple aesthetic concerns. Creeping buttercup can alter soil conditions and create drainage problems in lawn and garden areas. Its dense growth pattern prevents water infiltration and can contribute to surface runoff and erosion issues. The plant’s toxicity to livestock makes it problematic for rural properties, and its aggressive nature means it readily escapes cultivation to invade natural areas.
Control efforts are complicated by the plant’s multiple reproduction strategies and seasonal growth patterns. The stolons can spread underground and emerge at considerable distances from the parent plant, making complete removal extremely difficult. Chemical control options are limited due to the plant’s resistance to many herbicides, and mechanical removal often spreads fragments that can establish new colonies. The yellow flowers that make the plant initially attractive bloom for extended periods, providing multiple opportunities for seed production and further spread.
References
- Invasive plants and the damage they can cause to our environment and economy – Portland.gov
- 12 Invasive Plants You Don’t Want In Your Yard – Family Handyman
- Invasive plants cause harm: How gardeners/property owners can help stop them – Clean North
- How to Stop Bamboo from Spreading in Your Garden – PBA Solutions
- Japanese Knotweed Damage – Japanese Knotweed Ltd
- Does English ivy and other climbers damage walls? – Gardens Illustrated
- Goutweed: How to Get Rid of Invasive Ground Elder – Gardenista
- Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica): an analysis of capacity to cause structural damage – PMC
- Invasive goutweed competes for attention in your garden – Chicago Tribune
